Tundish Refractory Materials
Tundish Lower Nozzles for Molten Metal Control
Tundish lower nozzles are devices used in the casting process to control the flow of molten metal from the tundish to the mold. The tundish is an intermediate vessel that holds molten metal and sup...
DESCRIPTION
Tundish lower nozzles are devices used in the casting process to control the flow of molten metal from the tundish to the mold. The tundish is an intermediate vessel that holds molten metal and supplies it to the mold during casting. The lower nozzle is located at the bottom of the tundish and controls the flow of molten metal into the mold.
There are several types of tundish lower nozzles, including slide gates, stopper rods, and immersion nozzles. Slide gates are the most commonly used type of lower nozzle and work by sliding a gate within the nozzle to open and close the flow of molten metal. Stopper rods work by pushing a ceramic stopper into the nozzle to control the flow of molten metal. Immersion nozzles are used to reduce turbulence in the flow of molten metal and improve casting quality.
Lower nozzles are used to control the flow of molten metal during casting and ensure that the metal is delivered to the mold at a constant rate. This helps to prevent defects such as porosity, shrinkage, and cracking in the final product. Lower nozzles also play an important role in maintaining the temperature of the molten metal and preventing it from solidifying before it reaches the mold. Overall, tundish lower nozzles are an essential component of the casting process and are critical to producing high-quality castings.
| Items | Upper Nozzle | Lower Nozzle | ||
| Zirconia core | Outside | Zirconia core | Outside | |
| ZrO2+HfO2(%) | ≥95 | ≥95 | ||
| Al2O3(%) | ≥85 | ≥85 | ||
| MgO(%) | ||||
| C(%) | ≥3 | ≥3 | ||
| Buik Density g/cm³ | ≥5.2 | ≥2.6 | ≥5.1 | ≥2.6 |
| Apparent porosity % | ≤10 | ≤20 | ≤13 | ≤20 |
| Crushing strength Mpa | ≥100 | ≥45 | ≥100 | ≥45 |
| Thermal shock resistance | ≥5 | ≥5 | ≥5 | ≥5 |
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